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Choline bitartrate
A nutrient your body uses to make acetylcholine, to build cell membranes and to handle homocysteine. It sits in one of our formulas, Liver (ALT / AST), and carries three authorised EU health claims, one of them for normal liver function. What we serve is the bitartrate salt, and only about 41% of it is choline, so the number on the label is not the amount of choline you get.
WHAT WE ARE ALLOWED TO SAY
Three claims. All of them authorised.
Our file holds these three claims only in Spanish, so what you read here is our literal translation of the EU register wording, and we do not paraphrase it into something that sounds stronger. All three carry the same condition: at least 82.5 mg of choline per 100 g or 100 ml, or per single portion. Our one formula serves 400 mg of choline bitartrate in 1.6 ml, which is roughly 164 mg of choline by the 41% on file, so it clears that condition. Our own ingredient notes still list choline as not found in the register, while our claim files record all three as authorised under Regulation 432/2012, and we are reconciling the two.Our file holds these claims only in Spanish, so this is our literal translation of the EU register wording. All three need at least 82.5 mg of choline per portion, and our formula serves roughly 164 mg.
The wording stops at normal liver function, normal lipid metabolism and normal homocysteine metabolism. None of it says choline brings your ALT or AST back into range or clears a fatty liver, and the role in memory and focus that our file lists as secondary is not an authorised claim either. In Liver (ALT / AST), the claim the formula is filed under is choline's liver function claim; the milk thistle and the artichoke next to it have no authorised claim of their own.
WHY BITARTRATE
One form on file. Read the label twice.
Our file specifies crystalline choline bitartrate at a purity of 99% or more. The authorised claims are worded for choline, not for a particular salt, so the form is not a claim argument and we do not use it as one. It dissolves readily in water and stays stable in liquid, which is what a formula poured in 0.2 ml pulses needs.
Crystalline choline bitartrate, at 99% or more. It is the only form we hold on record for this ingredient.
It dissolves in water, about 850 g per litre, and stays stable in liquid. Our file records two drawbacks: it is sensitive to moisture, and it tastes bitter.
The bitartrate carries the choline. By our form record, 400 mg of it provides roughly 164 mg of choline, and that smaller number is the one the claim condition is checked against.
Our form record says choline bitartrate is well absorbed by mouth, at about 90%. Our pharmacokinetic record keeps an older note of more than 80%, through a transport that saturates, and says a precise figure is not documented in the sources we checked. We have not reconciled the two yet. It is cleared by the kidneys, the effect on file builds over days, not minutes, and we have no source that says bitartrate is absorbed better than any other form of choline.Our records put oral absorption at about 90%, but a precise figure is not documented yet. We have no source that says bitartrate is absorbed better than any other form of choline.
WHERE IT APPEARS
One of the twenty-nine carries choline bitartrate.
It is in a single ADAPT formula, still in development, served at night with dinner for 12 weeks when a blood test shows raised liver enzymes. EFSA's adequate intake for adults is 400 mg of choline a day, from everything you eat. The 400 mg in our formula is of the bitartrate salt, roughly 164 mg of choline, so it is not the same 400, and we would rather tell you than let the two numbers look alike.
THE CEILING
3,500 mg a day. We serve 400.
Our file records 3,500 mg a day as the upper limit for adults, but our records attribute that figure to different bodies, EFSA in one and the US IOM in another, and we are confirming which. We have not attached the document it comes from yet, so read it as the ceiling our engine works to, not as a quotation. The limit applies to your total choline from every source, not to each formula on its own. Choline bitartrate appears only in Liver (ALT / AST), but it is not the only choline source in our range: the citicoline (CDP-choline) in BOOST-01 is one, and so is the choline-stabilised orthosilicic acid on file for the silicon in CORE-08. Counted as the full 400 mg of bitartrate, what we serve here sits at about a ninth of the limit, and any other choline source adds to the same total.Our file records 3,500 mg a day as the upper limit for adults, source being confirmed. It applies to choline from every source, including the citicoline in BOOST-01 and the choline-stabilised silicon in CORE-08, not only the 400 mg of bitartrate here.
Liver (ALT / AST) serves 400 mg of choline bitartrate. It is the only formula with the bitartrate, but the citicoline in BOOST-01 and the choline-stabilised silicon in CORE-08 are also choline sources, and they count towards the same limit.
If you take choline from another product, it adds to what we serve. The 3,500 mg is a daily total across everything you take, not a limit per product.
Do not go above 3,500 mg a day: past that, choline can cause a fishy body odour, low blood pressure and heavier sweating. Do not exceed the recommended daily dose. Food supplements should not be used as a substitute for a varied and balanced diet. Keep it out of the reach of young children. Our file records no contraindication for choline itself yet, and its full review is still pending. The one formula that carries it is not served if you take a vitamin K antagonist such as warfarin or acenocoumarol, or if you have a diagnosed, active liver disease, and it has further exclusions of its own, from the milk thistle, artichoke and vitamin E next to it, listed on its page.
WHAT IT REACTS WITH
No documented pairs yet.
Choline bitartrate is one of the 140 ingredients in our library, so it has 139 possible partners. None of them is among the 443 pairs we have documented so far, and our drug table holds no entry for it either.
It shares Liver (ALT / AST) with all three. The one documented pair inside that formula is milk thistle with artichoke, as complementary. None involves choline, so we do not describe one.
Our file holds no documented interaction between choline and any medicine, and our check on the liver enzymes that process most medicines found nothing in the sources we hold. That is an open question, not a clean result.
No pair with another ingredient is documented for choline. We would rather leave this section short than fill it with guesses.
Across the library, 443 of the 9,730 possible pairs are documented, which is 4.55%, and none of them involves choline. Its ingredient file is still a short one, with the full review pending. The rest are not "safe", they are simply unchecked, and we would rather write that down than let the number look like a badge.443 of the 9,730 possible pairs in our library are documented, which is 4.55%, and none of them involves choline. The rest are not safe, they are simply unchecked.
SOURCES
Everything on this page, with its reference.
Reviewed by VION nutrition team · last reviewed 16 September 2026
140 INGREDIENTS · 64 IN USE TODAY
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What it is, what we are allowed to say about it, which formulas carry it, what it reacts with and where each of those statements comes from. No proprietary blends, no hidden amounts.